The Diamond is the subject of this article…the world’s most precious gemstone. We start our article off by exploring some of the myths that have been associated with this gemstone over the years, and then we examine some of the finer properties as well.The diamond, also known as the “King of Gems”, has been coveted and desired by man since the early ages. Uncut diamonds were worn by knights on their armor. Cut versions of the same gemstone were situated on the crowns of kings and queens. Internationally recognized as the symbol of love, they have become the center of attention because of their unique investment potential.Diamonds were thought to have been endowed with magical powers in times gone by. Merely by possessing a diamond (it was thought), the holder would be endowed with the three attributes of courage, superior strength, and bravery. This is the main reason that knights wore this gemstone on their armor. It was also thought that the diamond could ward off evil creatures from the spirit realm, and the devil himself.Diamonds have been attributed to many different things over the years. Here’s a short list: (1) Invincibility, (2) Spiritual Ecstasy, (3) Sleepwalking, and (4) Sexual Prowess. Ah, but there is a catch to this list. In order to obtain these benefits, the person has to have found the diamond in its natural setting, in the wild. If they purchased it from someone else, this supposed “contract” was void. There is one exception though. If the diamond was offered as a symbol of friendship or love, such as a setting in an engagement ring, then these magical powers may return.Four separate castes, that’s how the Hindus classified the diamond. The categories were: (1) The Kshatiya, a brown/champagne colored diamond that prevented old age. (2) The Brahmin diamond, a colorless diamond that provided riches, power, friends, and good luck. (3) The Sudra, a diamond that was gray or black and glistened like a polished piece of metal, which brought about good fortune. (4) The Vasiya, a diamond the color of the “kodali flower” which brought success. Yellow and red diamonds are also available, but they were the exclusive gems of kings.Let’s examine the diamond from a chemical prospective. From this prospective it is the simplest of all gemstones. It is just plain ole’ crystallized carbon, chemically the same as the substance that is used to make a lead pencil. It is the crystallized pattern of the diamond that makes it different, and the reason that it is so highly prized.What is the hardest known substance? Any idea? It’s the diamond of course. Even though it’s hard, it can be chipped (if it is struck at just the right angle). This ability to be “chipped” is what allows a gemologist to shape the diamond into the thing of beauty that we buy in our jewelry stores.Did you know that diamonds come in every color of the rainbow? This is true, but the white diamond is definitely the most popular version of the gem. Irregardless, diamonds of any color make a perfect addition to any fine piece of heart jewelry.